In academic writing, referencing is a significant aspect. You need to appropriately reference your dissertation will not only help you achieve great results but will also make it authentic and relevant. The inclusion of referencing will support your ideas. Citation is the reference to an unpublished or published source that you consulted while writing the dissertations. This blog helps to understand how intext and reference to an academic piece.
Significance of citing sources
Lack of citation makes your research study inadequate for several reasons. Citation helps readers to gain an understanding of the materials you used for obtaining valuable information.
Appropriate citation helps others to relocate the materials: Citation helps readers to expand and enhance their knowledge based on the topic.
Citing ideas and works of other people indicates that you have conducted a detailed literature review: Citing sources helps readers understand that a detailed review has been done for conducting the research study and it increases the credibility of your study.
The Ideas of other researchers can be used to reinforce your arguments: In several cases, other reader’s arguments act as the main context for clarifying the significance of the matter proposed.
Proper citation prevents your reputation from being tarnished.
In the professional world, research is to be performed by following ethical rules. Failure to conduct research or cite others’ work can result in a violation of research ethics and can lead to legal action.
Accurate citations protect against plagiarism. Plagiarism can degrade the quality of your work.
Referencing styles used in the dissertation
Parenthetical referencing styles
Parenthetical referencing styles are a common form of referencing styles used within academic disciplines with the usage of varied formats in several fields. Chicago and MLA dominate in Humanities and Arts while APA and Harvard are common forms of referencing in social sciences. Parenthetical styles permit readers to easily and rapidly locate sources within reference lists. Parenthetical styles emphasize the economy and ensure that the author’s name is included within the parenthetical reference if it is unclear from the context. Parenthetical references utilize the “author-date” format. Publication year and author’s surname are included within parenthetical references.
Harvard referencing system
Harvard referencing style is specifically used in the case of education. The referencing style is used in the case of in-text citations and reference lists mentioned at the end. In the case of Harvard styles, author names must appear in the text and also in reference lists. Make sure that every work within reference lists is referred to the main text as well.
Books: During text citations, you need to mention page numbers if you are directly quoting, paraphrasing, or summarizing.
Michael (2019, p.23) suggests that…
In the case of reference lists, the following points are to be included sequentially:
author’s surname, as well as the initial
Publication year
Title of publications
Editions
Publisher
Publication place.
E-books: E-book contains page numbers
Watson (2020, p.232)
Reference lists:
Author name
Publication date
Title of e-book
Publisher
Format
Date of access
Internet address
Journal articles (published): Online journals do not have page numbers and thus paragraphs or sections are to be used. (Watson 2020, sec 4, par. 4).
Reference lists:
Author name as well as initials
Article title
Journal title
Publication information
Date of access
URL
Journal articles (printed): page number is required
(Watson 2020, p. 232).
Reference list:
Author surname and initials
Publication year
Article title
Journal title
Volume number
Issue number
Page number
DOI
In Harvard referencing styles, when the source has more than two authors, the first name of the authors is to be mentioned followed by et al. in italics.
APA referencing styles
APA referencing styles include reference list entries and in-text citations. The referencing style is widely used by professionals and researchers in behavioral and social sciences. APA references include information about the source, author, title, and publication date. Depending upon the source, you are required to add additional information that assists readers in locating sources.
Book
The title should be in italics
Publishers should be included and semicolons must be used after all publishers.
Include DOI is available
APA referencing page format
The reference page must list all sources cited throughout the research paper. Position your page right after the main body and before the appendices. References are to be mentioned in alphabetical order.
Following guidelines are to be followed while following APA referencing styles:
- Double line spacing
- Hanging indent
- Legible font is to be used
- The page number should be at the top right header.
Footnote referencing styles
“Footnote referencing styles” are common referencing styles where direct quotations are common and footnoting is used as additional quotations. The referencing styles include page numbers. The referencing style works on the assumption that readers might search for quotations establish context and effectively understand the argument behind quotations. “Number in superscript front” is placed at the end of any quotation indicating that the text is supplemented by a note. In footnoting styles, notes are placed at the bottom of the page. Horizontal rules separate the footer section from the page body.
Details provided in the footnote rely on whether referencing styles use a bibliography or not. If you use a bibliography, footnotes contain sufficient details to search for the source in the bibliography. Several footnote referencing styles do not use different bibliographies at the end of the work. This indicates that the whole bibliographic details are mentioned in the footnotes. A good citation makes it easy for the readers to find all the details of the source. You should keep in mind that after completion of the work, citing or documenting sources is crucial. Citing indicates giving proper credit to authors from where the ideas have been incorporated. It permits readers to locate sources and citing accurately helps in avoiding conducting plagiarism. Plagiarism is a common problem encountered in academic study. You should keep in mind that academic integrity should not be compromised at any cost while conducting a research study. Copying, and misusing other people’s ideas, and concepts is strongly prohibited. Referencing signifies work quality detailing primary sources and appropriate referring removes questions regarding Plagiarism. Submitted academic manuscripts are thoroughly scrutinized before their final publications. Your paper is more likely to pass the review process with more positive feedback only when references are properly done and primary sources are accurately cited.
References
https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-apa-and-vs-harvard-referencing
https://www.student.unsw.edu.au/why-referencing-important
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